Leveraging Fintech for Central Asia’s Trade Financing Needs

Financing World Trade

The international financial system has grown and evolved immensely over the past two decades. In the late 1950's the Eurocurrency market was only beginning to emerge, for all practical purposes there was no Eurobond market, and extensions of commercial credits were limited to the old commercial banking function of short term trade financing. All of that has changed. Total deposits in the Eurodo...

Leveraging Trade for Development and Inclusive Growth

Trade-based Financing Murabaha (cost-plus Sale)

The early models of Islamic banks are based on partnership of mudharaba and musharaka (profit-loss sharing) structure. Such equitybased financing are perceived to be superior to conventional financing from the standpoint of robustness to external shocks and from the standpoint of ethics, fairness and social justice. Where profit-loss sharing mechanisms cannot be used, Islamic banks provide othe...

Central Bank Independence and Financing Government Spending*

Financial Development , Endogenous Dependence on External Financing , and Trade ∗

The influential papers on the effect of credit constraints on growth and international trade (Rajan and Zingales, 1998; Manova, 2013) tend to assume that asset tangibility and the share of external borrowing are exogenous industry characteristics, which are timeand country-invariant. In the finance literature, however, the share of external borrowing is viewed as endogenous and dependent on the...